What should I do if myocardial ischemia
Myocardial ischemia is a common cardiovascular disease, usually caused by insufficient blood supply from the coronary arteries, which may lead to angina pectoris or even myocardial infarction. In recent years, with the accelerated pace of life and changes in eating habits, the incidence of myocardial ischemia has increased year by year. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with structured data and suggestions to help you understand the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
1. Common symptoms of myocardial ischemia
Symptoms of myocardial ischemia vary from person to person, but here are some common ones:
| Symptoms | Description |
|---|---|
| Chest pain or tightness | Usually located in the substernal or precordial area and may radiate to the left shoulder, left arm, or mandible |
| difficulty breathing | Shortness of breath after activity or at rest |
| Palpitations | Irregular or fast heartbeat |
| Weakness | Unexplained fatigue |
| dizziness or fainting | Caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain |
2. Emergency treatment of myocardial ischemia
If symptoms of myocardial ischemia occur, especially persistent chest pain, the following measures should be taken immediately:
| steps | Specific operations |
|---|---|
| 1. Cease activity | Stop all physical activity immediately and stay quiet |
| 2. Take nitroglycerin | Take sublingual nitroglycerin tablets every 5 minutes, up to 3 times |
| 3. Call the emergency number | If symptoms persist for more than 15 minutes or worsen, call 120 immediately |
| 4. Keep breathing smooth | Loosen tight clothing and stay in a semi-recumbent position |
| 5. Avoid driving by yourself | Wait for professional ambulance personnel to arrive |
3. Long-term management of myocardial ischemia
The long-term management of myocardial ischemia requires cooperation from many aspects. The following are the latest treatment recommendations:
| Management | Specific measures |
|---|---|
| drug treatment | Antiplatelet drugs (aspirin), beta blockers, statins, etc. |
| lifestyle adjustments | Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, eat healthily, and exercise regularly |
| weight management | Keep your BMI between 18.5-24.9 |
| blood pressure control | Target blood pressure <140/90mmHg (<130/80mmHg for those with diabetes) |
| blood sugar management | Diabetic patients’ HbA1c should be controlled below 7% |
| Regular follow-up | Review ECG, blood lipids and other indicators every 3-6 months |
4. Preventive measures for myocardial ischemia
According to the latest research data, the following preventive measures can significantly reduce the risk of myocardial ischemia:
| Precautions | Effect evaluation |
|---|---|
| mediterranean diet | Reduce risk of cardiovascular events by 30% |
| 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week | Reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by 20-30% |
| quit smoking | Reduce cardiovascular risk by 50% in 2 years |
| Control LDL-C<70mg/dL | Reduce cardiovascular events by 40% |
| manage stress | Reduce stress-related cardiac events |
5. Latest advances in treatment of myocardial ischemia
According to the medical hot spots in the past 10 days, there are the following new developments in the treatment of myocardial ischemia:
1.New antiplatelet drugs: P2Y12 receptor antagonists such as ticagrelor show better effects in acute coronary syndrome.
2.bioabsorbable scaffold: The latest clinical trials show that it has good long-term safety and is expected to replace metal stents.
3.gene therapy: Gene therapy targeting angiogenesis has entered Phase III clinical trials.
4.Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis: Deep learning algorithms can identify people at high risk of myocardial ischemia earlier.
5.remote monitoring technology: Wearable devices can monitor myocardial ischemia attacks in real time and improve treatment efficiency.
6. Daily precautions for patients with myocardial ischemia
1. Carry nitroglycerin and other first-aid medications with you and make sure your family members know where they are stored.
2. Avoid sudden strenuous exercise and warm up thoroughly before exercise.
3. Keep warm in winter, as cold may induce angina.
4. Keep your emotions stable and avoid being overly excited or angry.
5. Communicate regularly with the cardiologist and adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner.
Although myocardial ischemia is serious, most patients can maintain a good quality of life through scientific treatment and lifestyle management. The key is early recognition of symptoms, prompt medical attention and long-term adherence to a healthy lifestyle. If you have any questions, please consult a professional cardiovascular doctor.
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